Imagine the world

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As for failing the test, the theory of punishment by the gods is even more nonsense. It would be good not to pursue their responsibilities, but there is no way to pursue them if they want to. After all, this is just a psychological game that everyone understands.

The Dragon King Temple was built on the embankment, and when the flood came, it rushed to the Dragon King's own home first. When there was a severe drought, the Dragon King was even invited down from the altar to parade in the street and flogged.Sometimes when it rains, some people will say that the Dragon King has appeared, and some people will say that if you don't fight, you won't live up to it.

If people who grew up in a different cultural environment, they might be stunned when they saw this scene. How can a god appear?Isn't this a kind of group subconsciousness, which is holding those officials accountable!

In the eyes of ordinary people in the Eastern Kingdom, Lord Dragon is not so much a deity in charge of rainwater as an official responsible for regulating rainwater. This is either an attitude towards gods or an attitude towards people.

If this is just the way people play, then the intellectual class is even more interesting.Ziqiu doesn't speak strangely, but it doesn't prevent intellectuals from studying the classics of various religions. Buddhism and Taoism, including classics of various religions, can be the object of study.

In this process, disenchantment is naturally carried out, and the sacred classics of various religions are only regarded as research materials, and the things that are interesting or reasonable are studied, and the nonsense is treated as nonsense. .

People don't care much about how it's bullshit, and pay more attention to what they can learn.

All kinds of religious classics can be studied, studied, analyzed, and even questioned, criticized, and reformed. You can often see typical Confucian intellectuals, and they also give themselves the title of a certain layman or a certain Taoist.

The transformation of Buddhism by the intelligentsia in the Eastern Kingdom led to the creation of the native Zen, and they once scolded the Buddha and the ancestors endlessly.The vast number of intellectuals do not feel that it is deviant, but are particularly fascinated by the process and state of thinking reflected in it.

This is no longer the attitude of believers towards gods, but a mind game of intellectuals.

An ordinary Dongguo person may be used to this, and don't think it is special. Isn't this how things are supposed to be?But from the perspective of another civilization system, this is incomprehensible, even unimaginable.

How could they have no god?The answer to this earth-shattering question is as simple as it doesn't exist in the first place.

Is there any other civilization in the world that does not require the participation of gods from the stage of enlightenment and from the fundamental theory of culture?Only this one, no semicolon!

God may or may not exist, and whether it exists or not does not affect people's moral choices and value judgments.

The Dongguo culture based on this is full of the spirit of openness and tolerance. All existence can be criticized and all existence can be learned. This is not only the dialectical spirit of Taoism, but also the argumentation method of Confucianism.

The language and characters used by Dongguo people are not as simple as expressing meaning, but also a unique analytical language family, open and inclusive, and can smoothly generalize and absorb new things with almost no obstacles.

When facing fictional gods, Dongguo culture also has very realistic moral standards, which are still based on the two fundamental arguments of Confucianism, but many people do not realize it.

If another cultural context is used, the corresponding ethical order system can also be deduced, and similar social norms can be formulated, but the way of argumentation is different.Still taking that seemingly kindergarten example, why can't people defecate anywhere?

If all human moral standards come from God's revelation, then they must be derived according to this logic.Because God loves the world, urinating and defecating everywhere is unhygienic, which will affect the living environment and human health, so it violates God's will.

If in the scriptures, God said something, it would be easy.If it is something that God has not mentioned, then a deconstruction process must be established, just like deriving from the two fundamental theories of Confucianism, but the starting point is God.

Of course, this is just an example.In fact, in many places and periods in the world, including Dongguo, many people defecate indiscriminately, and no one engages in such arguments.

The purpose of this example is to illustrate the contextual system for promoting social education under different cultural and traditional backgrounds.

After reading the above analysis process, some people will inevitably have a question, what if the gods are removed from it?Especially in modern times, many outstanding philosophers and thinkers have done this with the best of their talents.

Some people call it the Renaissance, or the Enlightenment, which reconstructed an ancient Greek civilization according to academic ideals.

This problem does not exist in the cultural background of the Eastern Kingdom, but it is a big problem in any other civilization background in the world.

Therefore, those excellent philosophers can often only adopt two methods. One is to deconstruct God and re-explain what is the real God and divinity; the other is to create another philosophical concept to replace God, such as the absolute spirit.

Whether God is dead or existence is prior to essence, there are obviously such traces.The writings of many people are a great project, sparkling with sparks of wisdom, and they spend their entire lives to prove how God exists, or to prove that God can not exist.

Why can't he go around?Because it has existed since the enlightenment stage of civilization, it is the source of the moral system and values ​​established by the entire civilization, and it is the basis of cultural arguments, and it can only be deconstructed in a certain way.

If you give up God, what will you use to maintain the social moral system?If you don't give up God, how can you solve the openness and inclusiveness of civilization, as well as its crucial ability of empathy?

Openness and inclusiveness are a kind of cultural gene and a kind of subconsciousness.Without it, civilization will show exclusivity and aggression. When it is strong, it regards the outside world as the object of colonization. When it is weak, it will cause internal tearing.

Another problem is the deadlock. The history of certain civilizations’ encroachment on other civilizations, in the cultural subconscious, is to spread the gospel on behalf of God’s will, thus finding a moral basis for self-justification.If you give up God, how can you face your own history morally?

Doesn't anyone realize this?Many excellent thinkers have seen it, but even if they argue for propositions such as "God does not exist", there are obvious differences with the Eastern culture.

Because when you are demonstrating "how does God exist" or "whether God exists", the concept of God has already been involved.Even if the final conclusion is "God does not exist" or "God does not need to exist", the method is to find another concept to replace God's status.

Whether it is "absolute spirit" or "existence essence", "free will", or "capital worship" or "consumption worship" that replaces God, it is a different context system from Dongguo culture.

Because the basis of the argument of Dongguo culture has not had the participation of gods from the very beginning, and there is no need to replace it with anything.

The question comes back to reality. Why did the New Alliance adopt such basic teaching materials in the social transformation of Jili Kingdom?

Because the local primitive tribal culture is more complex, there are all kinds of strange god beliefs, including shamanism, witchcraft, religions spread in the Western colonial era, and various modern sects infiltrated from neighboring countries.

How to carry out cultural integration?Anyone who comes will have a huge headache. If a certain kind of god belief is promoted, endless disputes can be foreseen in the future. If all "superstitions" among the people are banned by law, a real backlash will occur immediately.

I just circle around in the original circle, and I can hardly find a way out.In Kefuzi's solution, the height is not on the ceiling or on several floors, but dimensionality reduction.

The Confucianism Hua Zhenxing learned, if it must be called Confucianism, was not directly inherited from Ziqiu in history, but was taught by today's Ke Mengchao, but it seems very primitive and simple.

The doctrine of the Master is very open, and can even become a theoretical basis for overthrowing the regime, because its most fundamental argument does not have unquestionable divine authority, let alone a regime or a generation of monarchs?

Therefore, in the history of the Eastern Kingdom, there have been many dynasties changing. People take this for granted, and they can accept and explain this phenomenon well from a cultural perspective.

Of course, each dynasty pays attention to the integrity of the legal system, and later generations of court Confucian scholars created the theory of reincarnation of the five virtues, with the purpose of explaining the justice of the current dynasty replacing the previous dynasty.

But what is the standard of reincarnation in heaven?This circle has turned back again, and it is still a judgment of values, and those who are virtuous live in it.What is virtue?The benevolent has virtue, and benevolence is loyalty and forgiveness.The so-called way of heaven must still meet the moral standards that people need.

Therefore, in the cultural context of Dongguo, "rebellion" is not necessarily a morally derogatory term among the people.The fundamental argument of Confucianism includes the idea that dynasties can be changed, and even the inference that systems can be changed.

Confucianism does not talk about ghosts and gods, but the "Book of Changes", which is called the book of divination, has become the first of the Five Classics of Confucianism, so what is the Confucian School of Changes talking about?If you are poor, you will change, if you change, you will succeed, and if you succeed, you will last forever.A gentleman strives for self-improvement.

There was also a dark moment in the history of the Eastern Kingdom. Confucianism did not need gods, but the patriarchal law of a specific era became a sacred dogma. If it deviated from its most fundamental argument, it lost its most precious openness and inclusiveness.

Ziqiu is not a god, someone used Ziqiu's name to compile the patriarchal system, and wanted to be holy in the world, who should be criticized?This is the question Hua Zhenxing wants to ask Ye Yining.The theory of Confucianism is the cultural gene of Dongguo. It tells the truth of being a human being and the way of looking at things.

You can judge Ziqiu without respecting him as a saint, but you can't ask Ziqiu to be a god who can directly give you everything you want.

Hua Zhenxing saw that Ye Yining had turned the textbook to the end, so he turned what he wanted to say into a divine thought, and sent it not only to Ye Yining, but also to other people present.

Chapter 432 Morning Bull

This textbook was not compiled by Hua Zhenxing. Hua Zhenxing just explained why the new coalition that overthrew the old regime of Jili State used such a basic sociology textbook throughout the country?

Manman pursed her lips, her eyes widened and she nodded repeatedly.Shi Shuangcheng frowned and nodded slightly.The corners of Wang Fengshou's mouth turned up again, with a half-smile, as if he had entered the state of watching a play again.

Ye Yining is also a monk of the four realms, and he finished reading the material with less than [-] words quickly. When he closed the textbook, he actually smiled: "Director Hua is too serious. I just said it casually. In fact, it is not mine. Opinion, just seeing a lot of people say that."

Hua Zhenxing: "Then what do you think?"

Ye Yining: "Sorry, actually, I haven't thought about it that much, and I haven't studied it as deeply as Director Hua. But I also think that things like the three cardinal guides and five constant rules are really rotten and backward, at least from the perspective of a modern woman. point of view, I am very disgusted."

Hua Zhenxing also laughed: "Actually, I don't have much research. I'm just an ordinary student who was taught by Mr. Ke. As far as I understand, the three cardinal principles are just skin, which is out of date. Don't confuse the concept...

The so-called three cardinal principles, the ruler guides the subject, the father guides the son, and the husband guides the wife, these are the three ethical requirements; the so-called five constants are propriety, righteousness, benevolence, wisdom, and faith, which are the five moral principles.

This is something that Wang Fengshou just mentioned Han Confucianism. To be precise, it is not Confucianism itself, but a set of application systems implemented by later generations of Confucian scholars for the needs of governance and social stability.

Hua Zhenxing did not expand on why there are such ethical requirements in the era of farming civilization, and how it meets the needs of maintaining social stability and production development.For example, the father guides the son, on the surface it is family ethics, but in essence it is the form of production organization.

This extends to the field of political economy.

He only focused on explaining why the three cardinal principles are the skin, referring to the order system derived by adding variables of a specific historical era.If the application environment changes, such as in contemporary society, the Confucian argument itself can overthrow it.

This is extended to the field of dialectics.

If the legitimacy of the monarchy is taken as the premise, we can draw the requirement that the monarch should be the leader of the ministers.However, from the principle of "loyalty and forgiveness" itself, no conclusion that the monarchy is necessarily reasonable cannot be deduced.If the premise of the monarchy does not exist, of course there is no basis for the existence of the monarch as the leader of the ministers.

In an industrial civilized society, the principle of "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you" can in itself overturn the conclusion that the husband should guide the wife.

However, the five constants of propriety, righteousness, benevolence, wisdom and trust are called "constant" because they can transcend the times.Benevolence is loyalty and forgiveness, and propriety is the social norm required by the principle of loyalty and forgiveness. Metaphysically it is morality, and physically it is law.

That era does not need morality and law?Confucianism is only talking about the basis and principles for formulating morality and laws, which are instrumental.As for later generations using this tool, what materials to add, and what kind of dishes to make a table, it depends on their respective purposes and craftsmanship.

The process of deriving the five constants from the fundamental argument is introduced at the end of this textbook. Hua Zhenxing just emphasizes that there is no era without the concepts and standards of propriety, righteousness, benevolence, wisdom and trust.

You can criticize the specific laws of propriety, justice, benevolence, wisdom and faith established in a certain era, and even say that they are "cannibalistic", such as criticizing the propriety, justice, benevolence, wisdom and faith in the feudal era, but you should also establish socialist propriety, benevolence, wisdom and faith.

Where did the original concept of propriety, righteousness, benevolence, wisdom and trustworthiness come from? It was derived from Confucianism.What kind of morality people really need, the consciousness of "really needing" itself is the basis of Confucianism.

Loyalty and forgiveness itself includes the equality of personality on the moral level, so the Dongguo culture itself acquiesces to the equality of personality on the moral level, and does not judge virtue by high or low.As a modern person, we can even pursue the equality of "social status" at the level of group benefits.

Hua Zhenxing was very humble, and repeatedly claimed that he was not very knowledgeable, and he just listened to Ke Fuzi's teachings and tried to explain them.Ye Yining patted the material and said, "Can you give me a copy too, I'll take it back and study hard."

Wang Fengshou interjected: "You Fang Longguan, what do you usually teach your disciples?"

Niu Yiping quickly explained: "Teaching practice, teaching understanding of the nature of the world. Junior sister Ye moved to the urban area with her parents when she was very young, and she didn't have much time to go back to her teacher's school. She mainly spent most of her time teaching secret methods. I still have to go to school."

Wang Fengshou: "It's getting late, we should have dinner, let's chat while eating."

Hua Zhenxing waved his hand and said: "Don't worry, you won't be hungry if you wait a little longer. Teacher Niu has asked all the questions, but I haven't said my question yet."

Wang Fengshou: "Then you talk first, and it's not too late to eat after you finish talking."

Hua Zhenxing: "I want to know, Chunhua University or Dongguo, what is the purpose of recruiting overseas students?"

Universities are of course a place for cultivating talents. Further questions are: for whom to cultivate talents, what kind of talents to train, and what can talents do after they are trained?

This question is easy to answer, and you can just open your mouth: cultivate talents for each country, cultivate talents needed by each country, and build their countries after the talents are trained.

But is the answer really that simple?This is not local education, but education for international students, not even for-profit education, but subsidized education at the national level.

Is it justified to use the country's tax funds and educational resources to cultivate talents who are not what they need?A further question is: How is the education of international students in Dongguo different from that in other big countries?

There is no education system in any country, especially the education for overseas students, that does not cultivate and export national values.Either in the way of indoctrination, or in the way of guidance, or in the way of introduction, in short, it is impossible not to!

If there is no common or inclusive value, what kind of person will be cultivated, is it a competitor or an enemy?If it is for the purpose of strengthening economic and political cooperation, then the value guidance for international students is even more important.

Charles gave a speech "Who is our friend", which is a quotation from the greatest contemporary revolutionist and thinker in the Eastern Kingdom, and the core is to elaborate on this issue.

Every university in Dongguo basically has two sociology general education courses, "History of the Dongguo Revolution" and "Marx-Enne Principles", but most international students don't need to take them because the school does not require them.

Due to the differences in the systems of various countries, out of some concerns, Dongguo seems to deliberately avoid exporting ideology in this area in the education of international students, and rarely promotes its own system and culture, unless relevant personnel take the initiative to learn about this aspect knowledge and experience.

In recent years, even if the official level wants to publicize, they don't know how to publicize it when it comes to specific implementation links. They can't find a suitable idea and lack a complete and clear system.

For a period of time, to be honest, the social science fields of major colleges and universities, such as economics, finance, law, and education, have mainly engaged in cultural imports. Now it is really difficult for the same group of people to engage in cultural export.

Among them, there are problems of knowledge structure, theoretical level, and subjective will, not to mention that in the specific implementation process, some people are obsessed with others.For example, Qiao Shangao and his like, how can you count on them for such a thing?

So the only means of cultural export that Dongguo can adopt is the simplest Chinese teaching?Even if it is Chinese teaching, what are the values ​​and ways of thinking introduced?

Education is not a simple charity, but a kind of inheritance, so what does it pass on?This is Hua Zhenxing's problem.

Before Niu Yiping could answer, Wang Fengshou said, "Actually, Mr. Ke also said that there are difficulties in several countries.

For example, we are not suitable to directly establish a Marxist country, at least we cannot declare it to the outside world.If that was the case, with the small size of Jili Kingdom, it might be wiped out easily, and Shire's new regime would not be able to survive.

And Ke Lao said again, even if we want to talk about the Marxian political economy system, there are still two problems that cannot be avoided in the stage of enlightenment education.

One is why we have the ideal of building a great harmony society, and how to form such a cultural consensus?The second is the level of understanding of the educated, which is what Director Niu said today, which is no longer the content of primary education.

But the establishment of cultural traditions began from the enlightenment period.And cultural enlightenment is not just an ancient thing, but something that has to be repeated in every era.

For example, do we need to talk about filial piety and kindness, and in what way should we talk about filial piety and kindness?

Because of the inheritance of civilization, it cannot be directly copied into the brain of every newborn.No matter what era, everyone has to go through a process of cultural enlightenment. "

After Wang Fengshou finished speaking, Niu Yiping smiled awkwardly: "Although Ambassador Wang is talking about Jiliguo, I understand what Director Hua is asking, and I can fully understand what Director Hua is doing in school.

But I am just a small deputy director of the principal's office. Many things are not decided by me, and many questions are not easy to answer. "

Hua Zhenxing suddenly said: "Mr. Niu, I will toast you a few more glasses of wine later."

Ye Yining: "Why?"

Hua Zhenxing: "Because I have to say sorry, some of the things I did will affect Director Niu's career." This sentence is very serious, he refers not only to what has happened, but also to what will happen , Niu Yiping has already been involved.

Niu Yiping could only shake his head and said, "Worry too much, worry too much, it shouldn't affect me at all."

Hua Zhenxing: "Let's eat."

The place for dinner is in the small restaurant of the embassy, ​​where Mr. Ambassador entertains important guests on weekdays.The two guests were full of praise for the dishes on the table, and they repeatedly lamented that they can still eat such high-level oriental cuisine here, which is no less than a five-star hotel!

Wang Fengshou introduced with a smile: "The chefs here have all been personally instructed by Director Hua in their culinary skills, especially with Director Hua."

Ye Yining: "So wouldn't Director Hua's dishes be more delicious?"

Manman smiled: "Of course, it depends on whether you have this kind of luck."

Niu Yiping: "Now that we've said that, we must find an opportunity to have a good meal. In fact, with the level of these chefs, it is completely possible to open a high-end restaurant!"

The speaker was not interested in the listener, and after chatting and chatting, Huazhenxing decided to invest in opening a restaurant near the embassy.

If the manpower brought by Wang Fengshou is not enough, then transfer from Jiliguo, Huazhenhang can take the time to do some training in person, and don’t rent the shop, just find a suitable property to buy... Anyway, the atmosphere of the conversation is very lively.

Niu Yiping gave Hua Zhenxing a suggestion, or helped him with an idea.

The Chunhua study group he set up can change the names of the lecture materials, report in the name of studying the traditional culture of the East, set up an extracurricular interest group, and even apply for funding and venue support. I can help if I grow up.

Hua Zhenxing expressed his gratitude to Niu Yiping and invited him to visit Jili Kingdom.Director Niu sighed: "Don't look at me as an official in this position, but it's quite troublesome to go abroad!"

Wang Fengshou took advantage of the situation and said, "How can you go abroad for private reasons? Jiliguo sent an invitation, in the name of educational cooperation projects, to invite you and a group of education experts to guide Jiliguo's higher education work."

Whatever the circumstances of the arrival of the two guests, the meal ended in harmony.After Niu Yiping and Ye Yining bid farewell and left, Wang Fengshou asked Hua Zhenxing, "Have you taken a fancy to Director Niu?"

Hua Zhenxing nodded with a smile and said: "Yes, you can see that, I want to dig him to Jiliguo, and there is a shortage of such professionals when preparing to build a university. I don't think he is doing very well in Chunhua University. , if we make such a fuss again, it may be difficult for him to be promoted again."